Phytochemicals are sometimes referred to as phytonutrients and these terms are often
used interchangeably. Most broadly defined, they could be said to be any chemical or
nutrient derived from a plant source. However, in common usage they have a more
limited definition.
They are usually used to refer to compounds found in plants which are not required
for normal functioning of the body but which nonetheless have a beneficial effect on
health or an active role in the amelioration of disease. Thus, they differ from what
are traditionally termed nutrients in that they are not a necessity for normal metabolism
and their absence will not result in a deficiency disease -- at least not on the
timescale normally attributed to such phenomena.
A minority claim that many of the diseases afflicting the people of industrialized
nations are the result of those people's lack of phytonutrients in their diet. What is
beyond dispute is that phytonutrients have many and various salubrious functions in
the body. For example, they may promote the function of the immune system, act
directly against bacteria or viruses, reduce inflammation, or be associated with the
treatment and/or prevention of cancer, cardiovascular disease or any other malady
affecting the health or well-being of an individual.
Phytochemicals naturally occur in vegetables and fruit and highest levels are
therefore consumed by vegetarians and vegans..
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